A University of Cambridge philosopher argues that our evidence for what constitutes consciousness is far too limited to tell ...

Consciousness evolved in stages, starting with basic survival responses like pain and alarm, then expanding into focused awareness and self-reflection. These layers help organisms avoid danger, learn ...

Until very recently, the question of how the brain works to enable the sense of time passing was an enigma. For many psychological functions researchers agree on basic facts related to how we perceive ...

The rapid evolution of artificial intelligence (AI) has brought to the fore ethical questions that were once confined to the realms of science fiction: if AI systems could one day ‘think’ like humans, ...

I want to explore the notion that one can be awake without being conscious. Normally, most of us think that to be awake is also to be conscious. That is a natural thought. We wake up in the morning ...

Tocqueville Professor of Political Science and Concurrent Professor of Law, University of Notre Dame, and Distinguished Visiting Professor in the School of Civic Leadership, University of Texas at ...