David Dunning and Justin Kruger tested psychology students to see whether the least skilled were also the most unaware. Rich Vintage/E+ via Getty Images To test this, they gave 45 undergraduate ...

The Dunning-Kruger effect shows that confidence and skill do not always match. Sometimes the least qualified person dominates the conversation, and sometimes the most capable holds back. The challenge ...

Few psychological rules have as high a public profile as the Dunning-Kruger effect. Way back in 1999, David Dunning and Justin Kruger showed that the people who were least competent at a given task ...

What Is the Dunning-Kruger Effect? The Dunning-Kruger effect happens when when someone who isn't especially knowledgeable in a particular area overestimates how much they know or how good they are at ...

We all have what are known as “cognitive biases.” These mental blindspots affect how we perceive the world, ourselves, and the decisions we make. The worst part about a cognitive bias is that it’s ...

People with limited knowledge and competences in a given intellectual or social field significantly overestimate their capabilities. These words perfectly capture the ...

In the 1990s, David Dunning and Justin Kruger were professors of psychology at Cornell University and wanted to test whether incompetent people were unaware of their incompetence. To test this, they ...

Adam Hayes, Ph.D., CFA, is a financial writer with 15+ years Wall Street experience as a derivatives trader. Besides his extensive derivative trading expertise, Adam is an expert in economics and ...

In the 1990s, David Dunning and Justin Kruger were professors of psychology at Cornell University and wanted to test whether incompetent people were unaware of their incompetence. To test this, they ...

The lesson isn’t that dumb people are overconfident, according to its co-creator. It’s that you are. Few psychological rules have as high a public profile as the Dunning-Kruger effect. Way back in ...

The Dunning-Kruger effect is a cognitive bias in which people wrongly overestimate their knowledge or ability in a specific area. This tends to occur because a lack of self-awareness prevents them ...