Summative assessments evaluate learning at the end of a unit, course, or instructional period. While typically used to gauge final outcomes, these assessments can also serve formative purposes, ...

This chapter summarizes two presentations and a discussion of the assessment of 21st century skills. The first section of the chapter focuses on methods used by some large corporations to assess the ...

Educational assessment seeks to determine how well students are learning and is an integral part of the quest for improved education. It provides feedback to students, educators, parents, policy ...

Artificial intelligence is becoming increasingly embedded in educational systems through generative tools, learning analytics, educational data mining, ...

Future of Testing in Education: Effective and Equitable Assessment Systems This analysis of testing in schools shows what the current debate gets wrong, and how educators and policymakers can create a ...

Students often draw upon a diverse set of prior understanding and experiences when attempting to explain phenomena. Formative assessment allows teachers to better understand students’ alternative ...

Language Assessment Literacy (hereinafter abbreviated as LAL) is closely related to second language teaching and learning practices. It is crucial to examine its relationship with teaching, feedback, ...