Suitable linear transformations for preliminary data analysis are available when data consist solely of continuous variables or solely of binary variables. When mixtures of variables are observed, ...

Transforming light: illustration of how an arbitrary linear transform can be achieved in an all-optical system using diffractive surfaces (Courtesy: Ozcan Lab/UCLA) Researchers in the US have shown ...

Two vectors of information are needed to produce the optimally scaled variable: the initial variable scaling vector x and the target vector y. For convenience, both vectors are first sorted on the ...