Modulation is fundamental to electronic communications. The modulating signal might be analog in nature (voice or music) or digital bit streams. Most modern communication systems are digital, using ...

Despite the need for an IC, this ubiquitous interface between the modulator and audio-video signals has not been reduced to an integrated circuit. The major reasons for that deficiency are the ...

Direct modulation of a laser 1 has always been used in optical telecommunications. Although distance–capacity product capabilities using this approach have been limited, it represents a very ...

Modern oscilloscopes capture, view, measure, and analyze complex RF signals in the time, frequency, and modulation domains. Time-domain analysis, the original oscilloscope function, allows users to ...

Phasing and flanging are often confused. We ask why - and demystify!

A new technical paper titled “Reconfigurable signal modulation in a ferroelectric tunnel field-effect transistor” was published by researchers at Lund University in Sweden. “Reconfigurable transistors ...

What is pulse width modulation? Pulse width modulation (PWM) is a powerful digital technique for controlling analog circuits with a microprocessor’s digital outputs. PWM is employed in a wide variety ...

A new technical paper titled “Three-to-one analog signal modulation with a single back-bias-controlled reconfigurable transistor” was published by researchers at NaMLab gGmbH, GlobalFoundries, and TU ...