Lane closures on a stretch of the M1 are still in place because of what engineers describe as a surface defect. A National ...

The small and complicated features of TSVs give rise to different defect types. Defects can form during any of the TSV ...

Researchers have designed a robust image-based anomaly detection (AD) framework with illumination enhancement and noise suppression features that can enhance the detection of subtle defects in ...

An international research team led by Yoshikazu Ohara from Tohoku University's Graduate School of Engineering, in collaboration with Los Alamos ...

# Fuel cells, integral components of hydrogen fuel cell electric vehicles(FCEVs), serve as eco-friendly energy conversion systems that generate electric power and ...

Figure 1. Ultrasonic testing using pulse echo and through-transmission methods. Pulse echo (left and center) uses a transducer that sends and receives ultrasound energy, producing both A- and B-scan ...

Detecting macro-defects early in the wafer processing flow is vital for yield and process improvement, and it is driving innovations in both inspection techniques and wafer test map analysis. At the ...

Defect states refer to electronic energy levels that arise from imperfections or irregularities in the crystal structure of materials, particularly in semiconductors and insulators. These ...

Carbon nanotube sandpaper polishes semiconductor surfaces down to a few atoms, reducing defects by 67% and eliminating chemical slurry waste.