The loss demonstrates the challenges facing CEO Kelly Ortberg in turning around the planemaker as it cedes more ground to rival Airbus.

Boeing on Tuesday reported an annual loss of $11.83 billion, its largest since 2020, as it grappled with problems at its commercial and defense units and the fallout from a crippling strike by U.S. West Coast factory workers.

Boeing operates its defense business, which is in a separate unit from the company’s commercial plane segment, in the St. Louis area and employs about 15,000 people.